Modeling and simulation for low-frequency vibration energy harvesting based on piezoelectric unimorph cantilever beam

School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, No.3 Shangyuancun Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, China

Abstract

In order to solve the problem of sustainable energy supply for low-power electronic products used in low-frequency vibration environment, the mathematic model was established based on the theory of piezoelectricity and Euler-Bernoulli beam. Also, the effects of different parameters of PZT unimorph beams such as the length, width, and tip mass on generating capacity were studied by FEM. The results show that the energy harvester with PZT unimorph beam and tip mass is suitable for low-frequency vibration environment. Increasing the length or reducing the width of the beam can significantly lower the first-order modal frequency of energy harvester when other conditions remain the same. Within certain range, the first-order modal frequency of the beam also gradually reduced as the tip mass increasing. When the size of the PZT unimorph beam is 60x60x0.33mm, the tip mass is 8.92g and an exciting force of 0.01N is applied to it along z axis, an output of 8.1V can be obtained. Meanwhile, the PZT unimorph beam is under the first vibration mode and the resonant frequency is 16.296Hz.