Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Sequestration In Bio-Concrete, An Overview

¹ Jamilus Research Centre for Sustainable Construction (JRC), Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UniversitiTun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Johor, Malaysia
² Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Johor, Malaysia

^* Corresponding author: irwan@uthm.edu.my

Abstract

The emission of CO₂ into atmosphere which has increased rapidly in the last years has led to global warming. Therefore, in order to overcome the negative impacts on human and environment, the researchers focused mainly on the reduction and stabilization of CO₂ which represent the main contributor in the increasing global warming. The natural capturing and conversion of CO₂ from atmosphere is taken place by biological, chemical and physical processes. However, these processes need long time to cause a significant reduction in CO₂. Recently, scientists shifted to use green technologies that aimed to produce concrete with high potential to adsorb CO₂ in order to accelerate the reduction of CO₂. In the present review the potential of bio-concrete to sequestrate CO₂ based on carbonation process and as a function of carbonic anhydrase (CA) is highlighted. The factors affecting CO₂ sequestration in concrete and bacterial species are discussed. It is evident from the literatures, that the new trends to use bio-concrete might contribute in the reduction of CO₂ and enhance the strength of non-reinforced concrete.