Applications of Porous Activated Carbon Produced from Waste Biomass for Wastewater Treatment

College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China

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Abstract

Activated carbon is a porous carbon material possessing excellent physical and chemical properties. Activated carbon produced from waste biomass offers a viable approach for wastewater treatment. Current research focuses extensively on enhancing the adsorption capacity of modified activated carbon towards multiple wastewater pollutants. This review elaborates on the differences between physical and chemical activation in preparing porous activated carbon, then further analysed the influence of elemental composition on the specific surface area of biomass feedstock under varying conditions. In terms of specific surface area and pore structure, chemical activation proves more effective in enhancing the overall performance of activated carbon. This paper further explores the influence mechanisms of porous activated carbon on wastewater pollution- related parameters, systematically elucidating its primary mechanisms of action in pollutant removal processes. This study centres on the preparation of activated carbon from waste biomass for wastewater treatment. Its objective is to encourage scholars to develop novel activated carbon materials or modification methods that enhance adsorption performance for wastewater pollutants while ensuring material stability and treatment efficiency.