Research Progress on Graphite Anode of Lithium-ion Batteries

International Elite Engineering School, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China

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Abstract

As the new energy vehicles and state-of-the-art portable electronic devices place an ever-increasing demand on high-power energy storage systems, there has been a push to make lithium-ion batteries fast to charge as a research concern. As well as, Lithium plating and dendrite growth of graphite anodes become more likely when charging at a high rate, having a drastic effect on the safety and life cycle of a battery, being the mainstream negative electrode material. The paper review will provide an analytical presentation of lithium plating mechanisms and battery failure processes related to the use of graphite anodes, and their impact on the performance of the battery. Three strategies of modification are highlighted, including using azo-functionalized porous organic framework anodes with adsorption-assisted redox centers, AC preheating lithium-ion battery with suppressed lithium plating and introducing tris (trimethylsilyl) borate (TMSB) into the electrolyte. These strategies not only mitigate lithium plating but also lay a foundation for balancing fast-charging capacility and long-term cycling stability. This review is focused on developing a theoretical point of reference with respect to the creation of safe, stable, as well as high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. Finally, we propose promising research directions and key perspectives for fastcharging graphite anodes, providing inspiration for further commercialization of fast-charging LIBs.