Influence of Geometric and Material Parameters on the Performance of Radiant Ceiling Cooling Systems

University of Žilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Power Engineering, Univerzitná 8215/1, Žilina 010 26, Slovakia

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

This study presents applied research on ceiling cooling systems, with a specific focus on enhancing heat transfer between the indoor environment and the cooling medium. The research focuses on optimising the geometric and material parameters of cooling panels to enhance thermal performance and reduce overall energy consumption. A numerical model was developed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations in ANSYS Fluent to assess the impact of various configurations, including pipe spacing, metal sheet thickness, groove geometry, and the application of alternative materials such as phase change materials (PCM), graphite- enhanced gypsum boards, aluminum, and stainless steel. Simulation results informed the design of several panel prototypes, which were subsequently fabricated and experimentally tested in climate and thermostat chambers following the STN 14240 standard. Experiments were conducted under varying temperature differentials and constant flow conditions, evaluating key performance metrics such as cooling capacity, heat transfer dynamics, and system reliability. The manufacturability of the proposed desings was also verified in collaboration with UNIVNETA, s.r.o. Ceiling cooling systems operate based on the principle of large-surface radiant heat exchange without the use of fans, offering silent operation and a comfortable indoor environment free from drafts. The technology is architecturally flexible and provides an energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable solution suitable for both residential and commercial buildings.