Study of gel electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries

International Elite Engineering School, East China University of Science and Technology, 201424, Shanghai, China

^* Corresponding author: 23010512@mail.ecust.edu.cn

Abstract

Driven by the transformation of global energy structure and the demand for sustainable development, traditional lithium-ion batteries are facing the dual challenges of energy density bottleneck and safety hazards. Solid-state battery technology is regarded as the core solution for next- generation energy storage systems due to its advantages of high safety, wide temperature range adaptability, and ultra-long cycle life. However, solid- state batteries still have key issues such as poor solid-solid interface contact, short cycle life and high cost of large-scale production. As an ideal transition material between liquid and solid electrolytes, gel electrolytes show unique research value by combining ionic conductivity and mechanical stability through a three-dimensional network structure. Its classification includes polymer matrix, bio-based materials and composite systems. It is of great significance in terms of safety and battery performance enhancement. Meanwhile, gel electrolyte performance can be optimised by various strategies. However, gel electrolytes also face challenges such as interfacial compatibility and cycling stability in applications. To address these issues, the research community has proposed innovative directions such as high energy density systems and green preparation processes. With the development of materials science and interface engineering, gel electrolytes are expected to provide key support for the development of lithium-ion batteries.