Characterization of fermented broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) and spinach (Amaranthus sp.) produced using microfiltration membrane as folic acid source for smart food formula

Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, 15315 Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: agustine_1408@yahoo.co.id

Abstract

Purifying and drying both fermented biomasses of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) and spinach (Amaranthus sp.) by Kombucha culture has been conducted to recover concentrate and powder of folic acid. The aims of this study is to determine the differences of particles characteristics and compositions of concentrate and powder from both mentioned folic acid source through Micro Filtration (MF) membrane and without MF membrane. The best folic acid produced by MF membrane process (room temperature, stirrer rotation speed 400 rpm, pressure 40 psia and 30 minutes) and drying (30 °C, 22 cm Hg and 24 hours) were resulted in biomass of the concentrate and powder with compositions of total solids 6.29 % and 96.91 %, total polyphenol 0.25 % and 0.06 %, folic acid 58.8 μg/mL and 54.33 μg/mL, reducing sugar 105.34 mg/mL and 441.39 mg/mL, and total acids 0.57 % and 2.33 %, respectively. In optimum condition, fermented spinach concentrate contributed to particles distribution with diameter size (Ø) between 0,4 and 100 μm (75.45 %), and with Ø between 100 and 1000 μm (26.3 %), otherwise, the process without MF membrane was resulted the particles distribution respectively 74.1 % and 25.9% by each interval of Ø.