The Storage Stability of Anthocyanins in Mao (Antidesma thwaitesianum Müll. Arg.) Juice and Concentrate

Kasetsart University, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Thailand

^a Corresponding author: csnayp@ku.ac.th

Abstract

Mao or Makmao (Antidesma thwaitesianum Müll. Arg.) is a wild plant found in the northeast of Thailand. Mao is one of fruits which are source of anthocyanins. Mao fruits are used for juice and concentrate which are consumed for healthy drinks. Determination of the kinetic parameters is essential to predict the quality changes and stability of anthocyanins in Mao juice and concentrate that occur during storage. The purpose of this research was to study the degradation of anthocyanins in Mao juice and concentrate during storage at 5, 30 and 37°C for 15 days. The storage stability of Mao anthocyanins was studied in 15°Brix juice and 45°Brix concentrate. The degradation kinetic (k), half-life (t_1/2), activation energy (E_a) and Q₁₀ values for Mao anthocyanins degradation were determined. The results indicated that analysis of kinetic data for the degradation of anthocyanins followed a first-order reaction. An increase storage temperature from 5 to 30 and 37°C increased k value of anthocyanins in Mao juice and concentrate. Increasing storage temperature decreased t_1/2 value of anthocyanins in both concentrations. At 5, 30 and 37°C, the t_1/2 of anthocyanins decreased from 35 to 13 and 5 days for Mao juice and 32 to 25 and 21 days for Mao concentrate. The E_a value of the anthocyanins degradation in Mao juice and concentrate were 38.03 and 8.42 kJ/mol, respectively. Q₁₀ values of both Mao juice and concentrate at 30-37°C were higher than those were storaged at 5-30°C. Thus higher stability of anthocyanins was achieved by using concentration and storage at lower temperature.