Recent Advances in Platinum Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction at the Cathode of Hydrogen Fuel Cells

College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu, 221116, China

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Abstract

For a long period of time the high cost and limited durability of platinum catalysts have been impeding the large - scale commercial progress of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. So then reducing the platinum quantity while maintaining excellent catalytic performance without spoiling catalyst functionality has become a crucial matter to concentrate on in this domain. This article hones in on the methods to achieve performance leaps for platinum-based catalysts delving into the recent research advancements in how to fabricate Pt catalysts and support engineering. As for the preparation strategies it focuses on the progress of the impregnation reduction method and the colloid method as well as the gradually developing technologies like atomic layer deposition and sol - gel synthesis; in terms of the support engineering this paper highlights the performance advantages of the three - dimensional structure of the graphene the MOF - derived carbon support and the ionic liquid - modified support and also their precursors. Finally, this article presents some insights concerning future industrial - scale production and sustainable development, aiming to offer a systematic reference for the prospect of preparing higher - efficiency, low - platinum catalysts and their supports.