The Quality Improvement of City Passenger Traffic on The Basis of the Passenger Capacity Control

The article presents the reasoning of the development methodology of the quality improvement of city passenger automobile traffic on regular routes based on the modern means use at the accounting of the bus passengers occupancy and intermedia, processing and the information use about the bus fullness by passengers for dispatching management of vehicles operating mode on route.


Introduction
The main objective of the production organization and planning in each motor transportation enterprise is the rational combination and the use of all production resources for the purpose of the maximum transport work performance while supplying the population by passenger traffic.
In the unified transport system of Russia the motor transport takes the leading place in the population service. Now more than 80 million passengers are transported only by the vehicles fleet daily according to the Ministry of transport of the Russian Federation [1,2,3].
Bus transport represents the most mass type of the passenger motor transport. It plays an essential role in the unified transport system of the country. More than 60% of the transportations volume from all types of mass passenger transport account for its share, and the passenger turnover makes about 40%.

Material and methods
The bus is the only type of mass passenger transport in the majority of the towns. Buses carry out the transport connection in all territory of the town and promote the integration of all town districts in a single town complex. On intra-regional, inter-regional and intraprovincial routes the bus transport provides the passenger transportations to railway stations, river ports, seasonal dachas, bus stations of distant bus traffic. In the long-distance service the bus transport carries out the additional work of the railway and air transport. In some cases the route of distant bus traffic is more rectilinear and the passengers' delivery to the destination is carried out by the buses with considerable saving of time.
The scientific research, which is directed to the quality improvement of city passenger automobile traffic on regular routes on the basis of the modern means use at the accounting of the bus passenger occupancy, is intended for the replacement of the existing natural manual methods in passenger traffic researches and for the transition to use the modern technical means and technologies.
The tools allow to carry out stage-by-stage creation of the permanent automated system of monitoring of actually executed services in passenger transportations.
The development of the complex for the city passenger automobile traffic management has to become the information basis for the improvement of the system control of the routed public land passenger transport. The permanent monitoring system has to provide the governing bodies of all levels with the assessment information of the current state of transportations and the objective needs of the population in this type of service, for the problems solution of the public transport service improvement and its perspective development.
The mathematical model of the adaptive management is developed for the purpose of the quality improvement of city passenger traffic. This model considers the characteristics of the rolling stock and their fullness on stopping points [4].

Theory
For the determination of the necessary number of buses during the work on a route we use the known dependence in which we will replace the static efficiency of capacity with a variable γcap(t), characterizing the coefficient value in t time point: where Qn -the annual volume of transportations on a route, pass.; lav -the average range of a trip for one passenger, km; kdays, kdir -unevenness coefficient of transportations respectively on hours of days and in the directions of routes; qav -the average capacity of the vehicle, pass.; γcap(t) -the capacity coefficient of the vehicle in t moment; αcap -the capacity coefficient of the vehicle; Vs -service speed, km/h; Тord -the duration of the vehicle in order, h.; β -efficiency of vehicle mileage.
The headway of buses (Im, min) is determined by a formula: where Тrev -time of reverse run. The headway as the function of the capacity efficiency is: The capacity efficiency γcap is determined by a formula max actual pass cap where -the actual number of passengers, pass.; -passenger capacity of the bus, pass.
The formation result is expression (5 The realization of the developed model in practice means the reduction of the vehicle headway at the fullness which is close to maximum and the increase in an interval at insufficient fullness [5,6]. The algorithm of the adaptive management of the passenger vehicle work is developed on the basis of the created mathematical model (figure 1) [7,8]. The methodology of the experimental study conducting, including the justification and the choice of technical means, their placement on passenger route vehicles, the development of the control technology for the vehicle fullness, and also the technology of the headway management, is developed for the experimental realization of theoretical provisions [9].
Thus, the combination of technical means for the vehicles occupancy monitoring, transporting passengers on regular city routes, with the methods of the intellectual management of the rolling stock work on a route creates the objective prerequisites of the improvement of the passenger service quality consisting in the waiting time reduction of the vehicle, in the comfortableness increase of a trip, on the one hand, and the costs optimization of the rolling stock operation by a carrier -on the another [10][11][12][13][14][15].

Results and Discussion
The implementation of the developed theoretical thesis at the organization of passenger transportations on route No. 21 of Orenburg allowed to reduce the movement interval for 1 min. in rush hours, to increase the capacity of the buses working at a route at this time that led to the reduction of vehicle wait time for 7%, and to the comfortableness of passenger trip -for 27%.
The results of theoretical and experimental studies, the implementation of the developed technique allowed to create the program of priority researches of the following directions: • the features analysis of different intellectual technologies and methods while processing of the obtained information on the degree of the bus occupancy bus in relation to the management tasks; • the development of theoretical bases of intellectual management; • the principles development for the creation of hardware and software means of the intellectual control systems.