Electric public transport vehicle with composite material body diagnostic-user safety

The project contemplated the elaboration of modules of composite material, with which a bus body of less weight was built, compared with the traditional kind, and adapted for the chassis that are currently being used in the city. The structure was prepared for the evaluation of the security space of the future users. The panels were instrumented with different sensors and configured to the conditions of the test by means of a data acquisition system. The test was carried out following the procedure of regulation 66 of the UNECE. The results obtained demonstrated the feasibility of using this type of bodywork in public transport.

access ramps, PRM zones, entry platform are measured.Vehicle safety is verified through the structural strength of the body under the requirements of two different standards: the standard NTC5206: 2009 with the load test on roof and lateral load, applies 50% of the gross vehicle weight on the vehicle for 5 minutes and the roof should not suffer a deflection of more than 70 mm, and the ECE R66 [2] standard by means of the rollover test, which consists of dumping a complete vehicle under established conditions and the survival space should not be affected.
Numerous investigations have been carried out in which the properties of composite materials are evaluated in comparison with conventional materials in real applications, in order to create composites as an alternative that may have additional benefits in specific functions.[3,4] The norm states that the superstructure of the bus must support the potential energy transformed into kinetic energy in the following way: ΕT = 0.75•M•g•Δh (1) (M) represents the mass of the loaded vehicle, (g) states the standard earth gravity and (Δh) refers to the distance of the center of mass from the floor.This article will show all the necessary conditions to perform a rollover test on a vehicle with a body made of composite materials.

Vehicle description
The vehicle to which the rollover test will be performed, is a minibus that transports 19 passengers plus driver.It is made up of a metallic chassis and a body made with 100% composite materials.The object of study is characterized by the complexity of its geometry and its body made of composite materials.A Class II vehicle (Vehicles to provide the collective public service within the national scope of action) will be used, which will be used to verify the requirements of annex 5 of Regulation 66 of the United Nations.The complete vehicle dimensions are shown in table 1.

The chassis brand is MITSUBISHI FUSO; its characteristics are shown in the following table. 3 Rollover test description
The test is to tilt the vehicle, which is suspended on a tilting platform with the fixed suspension, it is slowly raised until the vehicle loses its equilibrium position, according to ECE R66 [2] the tipping conditions must meet the conditions shown in fig 3 .The rollover test begins at the unstable position of the vehicle with zero angular velocity and ends at the moment of impact of the vehicle with the concrete.The test is satisfactory if the survival space is not affected.The survival space is defined as the space that must remain in the compartment or compartments of the driver, travelers and staff so that the driver, travelers and staff are more likely to survive in the event of rollover [5].The graph shows the displacements registered at the moment of impact by the G3 gauge located in one of the most critical pillar, which corresponds to the one located on the side where the entrance door is located, a geometry that can structurally represent a greater challenge for the integrity of the vehicle.During the test it is observed that this element is the one that is subjected to the highest recorded deformation, however, the piece tends to recover the original shape and position.

Fig. 5 .
Fig. 5. Rollover test of a body made of composite materials.